Human norovirus, a positive-strand RNA virus that is the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis accounting for an estimated 685 million cases and approximately 212,000 deaths globally per year, has no ...

A chemical modification in the HIV-1 RNA genome whose function has been a matter of scientific debate is now confirmed to be key to the virus's ability to survive and thrive after infecting host cells ...

Why does Hepatitis E become chronic in some patients, and why do medications not work? To find out, an international research team led by scientists from Bochum observed a patient with chronic ...

During viral reproduction, the influenza polymerase (top left, in blue) scans along the ribonucleoprotein helix to produce messenger RNA. Credit: Science Like a camera-shy teenager, influenza’s ...

Researchers have identified a never-before-seen mechanism that enables HIV-1 to evade the body's natural defenses and use it to support its survival and replication. The 'loophole' is a biological ...

There is currently no cure for HIV, but medications can help people with the disease manage their symptoms. HIV can still develop into AIDS years after infection, however, even with disease management ...

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne orthoflavivirus that can cause birth defects, including microcephaly, a condition in which head and brain size are significantly reduced at birth. The collective ...

An international team led by researchers at the University of Toronto has found a new RNA virus that they believe is hitching a ride with a common human parasite. We discovered A. odysseus in human ...

Mammalian immunity has long been thought to rely solely on proteins and specialized immune cells. However, a newly proposed concept—RNA immunity—is reshaping this perspective. In a recent publication ...

Using genomics, evolutionary biologists test several hypotheses on the origin of viruses. New evidence suggests they may have emerged more times than previously thought. Corroborating the virus-first ...